Gulf equity indexes mostly ended lower on Tuesday as tension flared between regional oil powers and neighbours Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates.
Dubai's main share index retreated 2%, LSEG data showed, while Abu Dhabi's main index and Saudi Arabia both dropped 1% each.
The Dubai index saw its biggest daily decline since June. Blue-chip developer Emaar Properties fell 2.8% and sharia-compliant lender Dubai Islamic Bank lost 2.3%.
Among Saudi shares, Saudi Arabian Mining Co slipped 2.6% and Al Rajhi Bank eased 0.3%. Oil giant Saudi Aramco was down 0.3%.
Oil prices - a catalyst for the Gulf's financial markets - were little changed as investors took stock of dented hopes of a Russia-Ukraine peace deal and rising geopolitical tensions in the Middle East around Yemen.
The Qatari index finished flat. Bahrain bucked the trend with a 0.6% rise after the country announced several fiscal reform measures on Monday.
Outside the Gulf, Egypt's blue-chip index edged 0.1% lower.
Saudi Arabia dropped 1% to 10,382
Abu Dhabi declined 1% to 9,964
Dubai retreated 2% to 6,015
Qatar finished flat at 10,794
Egypt eased 0.1% to 41,690
Bahrain gained 0.6% to 2,077
Oman fell 0.6% to 5,860
Kuwait lost 1.3% to 9,444